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James M. Cushing
Lt. Col. James M. Cushing (1908 - August 26, 1963) was a US Army mining engineer who commanded the Philippine resistance movement against Japan on Cebu Island in the Philippines during World War II.〔Smith, R.R., 2005, Triumph in the Philippines, Honolulu: University Press of the Pacific, ISBN 1-4102-2495-3〕〔(CHAPTER 4, Special Operations in the Pacific ) ''U.S. Army Special Operations in World War II'', David W. Hogan, Jr., CMH Publication 70-42 (1992)〕 His forces in the Cebu Area Command numbered about 8,500.〔 In early 1944, he was instrumental in the Koga affair in which the Z Plan of the Imperial Japanese Navy was recovered by his guerrillas.〔(The "Z Plan" Story ) Japan's 1944 Naval Battle Strategy Drifts into U.S. Hands, Greg Bradsher, ''Prologue Magazine'', Fall 2005, Vol. 37, No. 3〕 Cushing traded Japanese admiral Shigeru Fukudome and other survivors of a plane crash (but not the captured Z Plan) for the assurance that Japanese forces on Cebu would stop murdering civilians; a promise which the Japanese kept.〔 In 1945, he was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross.〔(''Military Times'' Hall of Valor ) accessed 2011-02-24.〕 Cushing survived the war and continued living in the Philippines until his death in 1963.〔Steven Trent Smith, ''The Rescue: A True Story of Courage and Survival in World War II'' (2001), p303.〕
==References==
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